![]() ![]() What is the Difference Between Calcium and Magnesium?Ĭalcium is a chemical element having the atomic number 20 and chemical symbol Ca. Both are solids at standard temperature and pressure.Calcium and Magnesium both have 2 electrons in the outermost s orbital.Both are in the group 2 of the periodic table of elements.Calcium and Magnesium are in the category of alkaline earth metals.What are the Similarities Between Calcium and Magnesium? This is the ninth most abundant chemical element on in the universe. Therefore, it has 3 electron shells containing electrons. It locates in the group 2 and period 3 of the periodic table. Magnesium is a chemical element having the atomic number 12 and chemical symbol Mg. ![]() Moreover, the compounds of calcium are used in the food industry, the pharmaceutical industry, medicine, etc. When considering the uses of this metal, the largest use is in steelmaking. This chemical element occurs as sedimentary rocks such as limestone, mainly in two forms calcite and aragonite. In addition to that, this chemical element can form various compounds such as calcium oxide (CaO), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2), calcium carbonate (CaCO 3), calcium sulfate (CaSO 4), etc. Moreover, it has 4 electron shells containing electrons. The most common oxidation state is +2, but it may form +1 oxidation state as well. The melting point and boiling points are 842 ☌ and 1484 ☌ respectively. This element occurs in a solid phase at standard temperature and pressure. the electron configuration of this element is 4s 2. It is in the group 2 and period 4 of the periodic table. The standard atomic weight of this element is 40.078. Moreover, it is the fifth most abundant element in the earth’s crust.įigure 01: Calcium Metal with the Dark Oxide-Nitride LayerĬalcium metal appears as a dull grey metal with a pale yellow tint. This metal is very reactive when exposed to air it forms a dark oxide-nitride layer. we categorize it as an alkaline earth metal (all the group 2 elements are alkaline earth metals). Side by Side Comparison – Calcium vs Magnesium in Tabular FormĬalcium is a chemical element having the atomic number 20 and chemical symbol Ca. Similarities Between Calcium and Magnesiumĥ. Therefore, they have different chemical and physical properties. although they are in the same group, they are in different periods of the periodic table because calcium has one extra electron shell than that of magnesium. Furthermore, the atomic number of calcium is 20 whereas the atomic number of magnesium is 12.Ĭalcium and magnesium are two chemical elements in the group 2 of the periodic table of elements. The key difference between calcium and magnesium is that the calcium appears as a dull grey metal with a pale yellow tint whereas the magnesium appears as a shiny grey metal. ![]()
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